Closure for receptacles



Dec. 17, 1929. M. LEViN. 1,740,184

CLOSURE FOR RECEPTACLES Filed April 2'?, 1927 @y 'W Arme/vn Patented Dec. 17, 1929 MICHAEL LnvIN, or BnooxLYiv, NEW Yoan cLosUnE roanncnrmcrns Application met April 27,

`The present invention relates to improvements yin closures fory receptacles, and more particularly to closures of the cap variety. Closures of this type comprise usually a metallic cap and a sealing disk'or packing of cork, pasteboard or the like, the shell and packing being .stuckr together by an interposed cement-ing medium. v

In manufacturing crown corks, which are closures of the cap variety, two types of cementing materials have been used heretofore. One of these Vtypes is fusible by heat and the other type is coagulable by heat. When fusible material is employed, it is placed into the' cap, the packing disk being put on top of the cementing material and theassembled closure subjected ,to heating action t fuse the cementing material, the elements of the ,l

closure being maintained under pressure while the cementing material is caused to set or harden, whereby the sealing disk is united with the metallic cap. When a coagulablev cementing material ,is employed, the assembled closure is heated. under pressure, where.

by the cementing material' coagulates and unites the elements of the closure.

Coagulable cementing materials are albuminous substances, .egg albumen or blood albumen, or a combination of both, or casein having been employed heretofore in the art of-Iaking closures.

The present invention relates to closures in which albuminous substances are employed as cementing media.

The egg albumen or blood albumen, both as found on the market as a granular product, have been heretofore dissolved in water, each closure cap being charged with a measured quantity of the product so obtained, a sealing disk or packing being then inserted into the cap on top of the cementing medium, and the assembled closure placed under pressure and heated. The heat coagulates the cementing medium and renders it insoluble. The closures cannot be subjectedlto heat above 200o F., as any higher heat injures the packing and also affects the decorations or printing on the outer surfaces of the caps. The machines on which these closures are assembled and united must be run, therefore, consider- 1927. serial No. 186,969.`

i ably slower than the assembling and uniting ldencyto decay or putrefy, and for this .reason cementing materials 'containing blood albumen oregg albumen must be prepared from day to day and made use of immediately. Blood albumen-is furthermore objectionable, in preparing "a, cementing material for the purplose stated, because of its dark color.

T e main object of the present invention is to provide a closure for receptacles in which the cementing material consists of a` heat-coagulable substance in they form of rubber latex, with which may be mixed egg Aalbumen or blood albumen, or a combination ofgboth, or casein, or other materials Ywhich are generally used as glue or cements.

One ofthe many possible embodiments of the invention is' illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is'a central vertical sectionof a closure constructed in accordance with the present invention; and Fig. 2 is a similar section of a modified construction.

In the drawings a closure of the crown cork type has been shown for purposes of U illustration. It is, however, obvious that the invention may be applied to all closures of the cap variety, the forms of the metallic caps thereof being entirely immaterial as farr as the invention is concerned.

Referring now lfirst to Fig. 1 of the draw- -ings, 'the numeral 10 indicates a cap, comprising a substantially cylindrical head 11 and a corrugated flange 12, the latter being adapted to be locked, in the welly knowlu. manner, to the exterior of a bottle neck. This'. cap 1s made as usual of thinv sheet iron coated with tin, the outer face of its head lbeing sometimes decorated. Within the cap is disposed a sealing disk or packino' 13 of cork or the like, which is unitedwlth the cap by an interposed cementing medium, denoted by the numeral 14. The cementing material is coagulated and set, and also rendered insoluble, by heat Latex may be used as the cementing material, either alone or it may be mixed with other substances, such as for instance egg albumen or blood albumen, or it may be mixed with casein or other materials which are generally used as glues or cements.

If latex and albumen are used as a cementing material, the albumen, such as egg albumen or blood albumen, is dissolved in water. like latex, withwhich has been mixed a preservative agent, such as ammonia, formaldehyde, etc. By the use of the term latex .is meant any of the milky or laticiferous saps or juices obtained from trees and plants and as'are contained in rubber, gutta-percha and balata, as well as including thevarious combined salts, minerals and other natural substances usually found therein. Latexjis understood to be an emulsion or colloidal suspension of the several solid-constituents in tlements, Sumatra and other parts of theV East. As above mentioned, either egg albumen or blood albumen may be used, both as found on the market as a granular-product. It is preferred to useblood albumen, because it is considerably cheaper than egg albumen.

Preferably,l the ingredients of the cementing material are combined in the proportions stated, viz: 8 lbs. of albumen are dissolved or swelled in 15 lbs. of water, and to the resultant material are added 2 lbsjof latex,

the compound being thoroughly stirred and agitated to produce a homogenous product..

It is obvious that, while herein specific proportions of' the ingredients of thecementing material are mentioned, changes may be made according to the requirements.

In manufacturing the closure, the metallic cap is charged with the cementing material, a suitable quantity being -deposited into the cap by some' mechanical means, and .afterwards the material deposited' is spread over the entirefin'ne'r surface of the headof the cap. The sealing disk or packing' of cork or. the like is then inserted 1ntol the ca on top of the cementing'medium, the assem ledclosure subjected to pressure and exposed to heat.

The heat causes the albumen to coagulate and the latex to set, thereby uniting the metallic ca with the sealing disk or packing. Both t e albumen and'the'latex are rendered insolubleV by the application of heat.

By adding latex to albumen, the coagulation of the latter is, materially accelerated.

55 Actual yexperiments have shown that a period To the solution-is added rubber or blood albumen'.

of two seconds at a temperature of 200 F. produces the necessary coagulating effect on the albumen, when latex is present. In all closure making processes heretofore in use atleast eleven seconds are required for coagulating the albumen. It will thus be ob-` served that, by using the cementing material herein described, rapidity of binding may be effected in a manner not heretofore ,ob

tainable.

vAs stated above, blood albumen may be used in preparing the cementing material without any objectionable or detrimental effect on the food products in the containers to which the closures are applied. It has been found that the cheapest grade of blood albumen may be used and yet the cementing material will be free from the ordinary objectionablerdark color of the product, the ammoniated -latex having a bleaching effect on the blood albumen.`

Actual experiments have also shown that the ammonia lin the latex acts on the albumen by causing'it to go easily into the'solution. The albumen, on the other'hand, has an emulsifying action on the latex, preventing it from drying up. The cementing material maybe prepared and left to` stand for vvseveral daysl without putrefying or decomposing action setting in.

kIf necessary,a paper or other disk may be interposed between the metallic cap and the sealing disk. A structure of this type is shown in Fig. 2 of thedrawings, comprising a cap 15, having disposed .therein a disk 16 of paper or similar material, vwhich is stuck to the cap by the cementing material above described and denoted by the numeral 17. lUpon this disk may be placed a sealing disk 18 of cork or the like, joined with the disk 16 by cementing material 19 of the character above specified. In such cases the cap is first charged with a suitable quantity of'cementing medium, the paper disk placed on top of it, the exposed face of saidpaper disk coated with the cementing medium, after which the sealing disk is deposited into the cap and the assembled closure subjected lto the treatment above described. If more convenient, the paper or other disk may be coat- (ell, before insertion, with the cementing nie- The closures herein described are capable of being produced at a considerably lower cost than those heretofore` made for two reasons, to wit: First, because they can be manufactured at a speed of operation heretofore unattainable and, second, because the cementing material is of exceedingly Jlowl cost, as it permits the use ofthe cheapest kind of Insteadof latex, water dispersionsof rubber may -be used, either alone or with the other ingredients mentioned herein, as a cementing material.

It is intended to include in the appended.

claims in the term cementing medium the said medium alone or a disk of paper or other material coated therewith. Furthermore by latex as used in the claims is meant the juices of plants producing rubber, guttapercha or balata.

What I claim is A 1. A closure for receptacles, comprising a metallic `cap, a sealing disk, and an interposed cementing medium composed of a heatcoagulated material and a substance set by heat and which has a tendency to directly accelerate the coagulation of said irst-mentioned material.

2. A closure for receptacles, comprising a metallic cap, a sealing disk, and an interposed cementing medium composed of a heatcoagulated albuminous material and a substance set by heat and which has a tendency to directly acceleratey the coagulation of said albuminous material.

3. A closure for receptacles, comprising a metallic cap, a sealing disk, and an interposed cementing medium composed of a heatcoagulated material and latex set by heat.

4. A closure for receptacles, comprising a metallic cap, a sealing disk, and an interposed cementing medium composed of a heatcoagulated material and ammoniated latex set by heat.

5. A closure for receptacles, comprising a metallic cap, a sealing disk, and an interposed cementing medium composed of a heatcoagulated albuminous material and latex set by heat.

6. A closure for receptacles, comprising a metallic cap, a sealing disk, and an interposed cementing medium composed of a heatcoagulated albuminous material and ammoniated latex set by heat.

7. A closure for receptacles, comprising a metallic cap, a sealing disk, and an interposed cementing medium composed of a heatcoagulated material and preserved latex set by heat.

8. A closure for receptacles, comprising a metallic cap, a sealing disk, and an interpos'ed cementing medium composed of a heatcoagulated albuminous material and preserved latex set by heat.

9.`A closure for receptacles, comprising a metallic cap, a sealing disk, and an interposed cementing medium containing latex set by heat.

10. A closure for receptacles, comprising a metallic cap, a sealing disk, and an interserved latex set heat.

11. A closure for receptacles, comprising a metallic cap, a sealing disk, and an interposed cementing medium containing ammoniated latex set by heat.

12.` A closure for receptacles, comprising a metallic cap, a sealing disk, and an interposed cementing medium containing pre.

cementing medium composed of ammoniated lateX'set by heat.

15. A process for the manufacture of closures which includes a cap and a sealing disk, the steps which comprise interposing a cold adhesive albuminous material containing l latex between the cap and sealing disk, subjecting the two to pressure and directly heating the same at a temperature sufficient to coagulate the albuminous material.

16. A process for the manufacture of closures which includes a cap and a sealing disk, the steps which comprise interposing a cold adhesive albuminous material including an accelerator between the disk and cap, adhesively associating the parts by pressure and then heating the same to a'temperature suliicient to coagulate the albuminous material.

17. A process for adhering non-metallic material to metallic material, such as making a closure for receptacles, the metallic material comprising a. metallic cap and the non-metallic material comprising a sealing disk, the steps which comprise interposing a cold adhesive albuminous material containing latex between the metallic material and the nonmetallic material, subjecting the two to pressure and directly heating the same ata temperature sutlicient to coagulate the albuminous material.

18. A process for adhering non-metallic material to metallic material, such as making a closure for receptacles, the metallic material comprising a metallic cap and the n onmetallic materlal comprising a seallng dlsk, the steps which comprise interposing a cold albuminous material including an accelerator between the metallic material and the nonmetallic material, adhesively associating the parts by pressure, and then heatmg the same to a temperature sutlicient to coagulate the albuminous material.

Signed at New York, in the couny of New York and State of New York, this 27th day of January, A. D. 1927.

MICHAEL LEVIN.

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